小白老师说：语义题是医学博士英语统考阅读理解的常规考题，几乎每年的都会考到。今天给大家讲讲阅读理解中的语义题的出题规律和具体形式，文末还给大家介绍超级实用的猜词技巧。干货技术贴，再长也要耐心看完。
语义理解题是就文章中某一词语、短语或句子的含义进行提问的一类题目，主要是想考查考生根据上下文的特定语境理解、推测特定词义的能力。
语义理解题的提问对象一般为关键词，包括生词、多义词、复杂句等，但生词辨义最为常见。
问题类型一般为：
Accordingtothecontext,“…howmyownactionsfactoredin”means____________.
Whatdoestheauthormeanby"ironoftheinformationage"?
在解答语义理解题时，记得遵循两个原则：
不管所问的词是否超纲，根据上下文都能得出其意思；
不管所问的词有多么熟悉，都要通过上下文得出其在特定语境中的意思。
答题时，我们应首先返回原文找到该词或短语出现的地方；注意结合上下文理解该单词的意思，这是因为语义理解题的正确答案经常隐藏在词汇在原文出现处的前后；注意同位语、特殊标点、定语从句以及前后缀；对原文原句语法和词义进行精确剖析。
举个例子。
Anyscientistwhoisnotahypocritewilladmittheimportantpartthatluckplaysinscientificdiscovery.Ourestimateoftheimportanceofluckisinherentlybiased.weknowwhenwebenefitfromluck,butinthenatureofthingscannotassesshowoftenbadluckdeprivesusofthechanceofmakingwhatmighthavebeenanimportantdiscovery.
AcolleagueandIcarriedoutanexperimentinwhichlittletissuefragments,whichwereverydifficulttoworkwith,wereinjectedintomiceofdifferentstrains.Ifwehadbeenmoreexperienced,wewouldhaveinjectedonlywhitebloodcells(whichwouldhavebeeneasiertohandle)intothemice.Wenowknowthatifwehaddonethis,wewouldnothavediscoveredactvelyacquiredtolerancebecausethegraftswouldhaveineffectrejectedtheirhosts.Obviously,wewerelucky,butourscientifictrainingenabledustorecognizethesignificanceoftheaccident.Ithink,thereforethattherewasnoneedforthedistinguishedneurophysiologistHodgkintorefertohis"feelingofguiltaboutsuppressingthepartwhichchanceandgoodfortuneplayedinwhatnowseemstobearatherlogicaldevelopment.”
Itmightneverthelessseemasifluckplaysadominantroleinscientificdiscovery.Iwouldliketochallengethisviewforthefollowingreasons:wesometimesdescribe“lucky"apersonwhowinsaprizeinalotteryatlongodds;butifwedescribetheaccidentaldiscoveryonaparkbenchofaltteryticketthatturnsouttobethewinningone?
Thetwocasesarequitedferent.Apersonwhobuysalotteryticketispttinghimseforherselfinthewayofwinningaprize.Thisindividualhas,sotospeak,purchasedcandidacyforsuchaturnofeventsandalltherestisamatterofmathematicalprobabilities.Soitiswithscientists.Ascientistisanyonewho,byobservationsandexperimentsconducted,bytheliteratureread,andevenbythe